Here we shall define the four most used design patterns regarding XML schema, which are Russian Doll, Salami Slice, Venetian Blind, and Garden of Eden. These patterns can be distinguished by two easy conventions,
- Ease of use for instance developers
- Ease of reuse for schema developers
Russian Doll
In this XML Schema design pattern there is only one global element and all other elements are local.
Advantages
- Contains only one valid root element.
- Could reduce the complexity of namespace, depending on the elementFormDefault attribute of the schema.
Disadvantages
- Allows reuse for all or no elements.
- Supports single-file schemas only.
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<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
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targetNamespace="http://schemas.sun.com/point/russiandoll"
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xmlns:tns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/russiandoll"
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elementFormDefault="qualified">
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<xsd:element name="Line">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:sequence>
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<xsd:element name="PointA">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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<xsd:element name="PointB">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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</xsd:sequence>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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</xsd:schema>
Salami Slice
All the elements in the Salami Slice design are global, hence many potential root elements.
Advantages
- No nesting of element declarations is required and you can reuse the declarations throughout the schema.
- Supports reuse of elements from other documents.
- You must define all the elements within the global namespace
Disadvantages
- Exposes the complexity in namespace.
- Renders the root difficult to determine.
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<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
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targetNamespace="http://schemas.sun.com/point/salami"
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xmlns:tns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/salami"
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xmlns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/salami"
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elementFormDefault="qualified">
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<xsd:element name="PointA">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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<xsd:element name="PointB">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute type="xsd:integer"/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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<xsd:element name="Line">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:sequence>
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<xsd:element ref="PointA"/>
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<xsd:element ref="PointB"/>
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</xsd:sequence>
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</xsd:complexType>
Venetian Blind
It is an extension of Russian Doll design pattern. Venetian Blind contains only one global element and all other elements are local. You nest element declarations within a single global declaration by means of named complex types and element groups. You can reuse those types and groups throughout the schema and must define only the root element within the global namespace.
Advantages
- Contains only one single root element.
- Allows reuse for all the types and the
- Single global element.
- Allows multiple files
Disadvantages
- Limits encapsulation by exposing types.
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<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
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targetNamespace="http://schemas.sun.com/point/venetianblind"
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xmlns:tns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/venetianblind"
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xmlns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/venetianblind"
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elementFormDefault="qualified">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:element name="Line">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:sequence>
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<xsd:element/>
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<xsd:element/>
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</xsd:sequence>
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</xsd:complexType>
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</xsd:element>
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</xsd:schema>
Garden of Eden
Is a combination of Venetian Blind and Salami Slice. There are many potential root elements so there are many element or types become global. You define all the elements and types in the global namespace and refer to the elements as required.
Advantage
- Allows reuse of both elements and types.
- Allows multiple files.
Disadvantage
- Contains many potential root elements.
- Limits encapsulation by exposing types.
- Garden of Eden is difficult to read and understand
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<xsd:schema xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
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targetNamespace="http://schemas.sun.com/point/gardenofeden"
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xmlns="http://schemas.sun.com/point/gardenofeden"
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elementFormDefault="qualified">
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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<xsd:attribute/>
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</xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:sequence>
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<xsd:element ref="PointA"/>
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<xsd:element ref="PointB"/>
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</xsd:sequence>
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</xsd:complexType>
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<xsd:element name="PointA"/>
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<xsd:element name="PointB"/>
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<xsd:element name="Line"/>
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</xsd:schema>
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